why are refugees treated differently
Witnessing how Palestinian refugees have become caught in a state of permanent displacement, many Syrians are careful to disassociate themselves from the refugee identity. Furthermore, it is important to help the public understand immigrants do not have to give up the core of their identity (in terms of cultures and traditions) to be able to follow the law, find jobs, contribute to society, and make friends with people of the host country. The 2014-15 asylees from Syria and North Africa were mostly Muslim and faced higher degrees of discrimination than will the Ukrainians, who are largely of Christian heritage. She says that's a pretty good sign of civilization. This has meant that asylum-seekers have been expelled in violation of the United Nations 1967 Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees, which prevents countries from returning people to places where they face threats to their lives or freedom without providing them the opportunity to apply for asylum. Refugee Children in U.S. Schools: A Toolkit for Teachers and School Personnel (Grant No. 2016. He has also done graduate work in clinical psychology and neuropsychology in U.S. Get the help you need from a therapist near youa FREE service from Psychology Today. Is it a vague feeling of hostility or does it stem from specific unpleasant experiences or future worries? The other hundreds, or perhaps thousands, of girls and young women who survived the journey are still in Kakuma Refugee Camp. But at the same time, the Biden administration has been quietly engaged in another series of evacuation flights, this time at our southern border. Albagir, a male refugee from Sudan, and one of his co-travelers struggle to cross into Poland. After all, from . In fixating on distinguishing the two, politicians tend to miss the benefits that integrating both refugees and migrants into the labor market could have on the national economy. Refugees and migrants arrive to Europe by the same road; they also face the same challenges in seeking asylum, labor, and housing, as well as integrating into their host communities. Furthermore, immigrants pose an identity threat, especially if they have a different cultural identity, religious identity, and value system than members of the host community. Perceptions of threat, according to previous research, are one of the most important predictors of attitudes and prejudice toward immigrants and other outgroups(p. 82).2. LIMBONG: Rana Khoury, a research associate at Princeton University focusing on conflict and displacement, says this language has impacts on global refugee policy. said. Similarly, as many EU members have already acknowledged, it is neither fair nor sustainable to let Mediterranean frontier states such as Greece and Italy, already crumpling under financial debt, host the bulk of the incoming asylum seekers. HERIKA MARTINEZ/AFP/Getty Images. How do you anticipate Ukrainians experience will unfold compared to that of asylees from Syria or North Africa? Rather than bringing people to safety via transit centers and, ultimately, to countries including the United States, these flights are sending vulnerable migrants and asylum-seekers back to danger. The findings could help inform long-term wildfire and ecosystem management in these zombie forests.. There were 89.3 millionpeople forcibly displaced world-wide at the end of 2021. Al Jazeera journalist Virginia Pietromarchi notes, Bloody conflicts in Syria, Somalia, and other places have not received the wide-reaching international media coverageor urgent international government actionthat the invasion of Ukraine has inspired." International law and practice addresses refugee and internal displacement emergencies differently. And if you zoom way, way out when talking about refugees and displacement, countries in the Middle East, Africa and the global South have taken in more than their fair share of refugees. While the two categories are treated differently by law, in practice they are both asylum seekers. Anna is from Denmark and can speak five languages. You know, looking and seeing why African migrants aren't allowed to cross into Hungary is just as valid as just asking why Ukrainians are. Unlike Ukrainians, they must apply for asylum and wait for approval before seeking jobs. In the wall-to-wall coverage of the crisis in Ukraine, a certain pattern has sometimes emerged that positions Ukrainians as different from other victims of conflict. Reviewed by Ekua Hagan. She holds an MA in Near Eastern Studies from New York University and will be a PhD candidate in social anthropology at Columbia University in the fall. LIMBONG: Keshavarz points to Poland accepting Ukrainian refugees when not that long ago, the country was telling scores of Afghans, Syrians and Iraqis, no, the country's full. U.S. authorities are dedicating extra resources to pick up the rate of flights in order to remove them more quickly, saying six to eight flights a day will depart starting Tuesday. While EU members bicker over how to define, manage, and ultimately dispose of their new work-eager guests, asylum seekers themselves are finding innovative ways to avoid the system and gain access to the labor market so they can accomplish what they came for: Continue their life as best they can, even if on temporary grounds. Study 4 used a more representative sample, consisting of 111 women and 140 men (mean age of 50 years). Millions of Ukrainians are living in unimaginable terror; but thankfully the countrys refugees will face a more accommodating Europe than did those who sought similar protection a decade earlier. In practice, refugees and migrants apply for the same asylum, which has somewhat disrupted the easy management of these categories. About 18,000 refugees from Ukraine have arrived in Switzerland so far, with tens of thousands more expected by summer. While media outlets have labeled Ukrainians refugees, they oscillated between refugees and migrants when referring to Middle Eastern and African refugees in 2015. EuroNews Trevor Noah has slammed the double-standard between how African and Middle Eastern refugees are treated when fleeing to Europe in comparison to Ukrainians who are currently fleeing their country due to the Russian invasion. "But instead, it really is night and day if we talk about the programs for Afghanistan's refugees.". She and her daughters then found themselves on a bus back to Guatemala, the place where they had fled violence in the first place. KESHAVARZ: So as journalists, I think it's really critical that we look at that duality, and we question why that is. Religion is a key factor influencing attitudes toward refugees. Furthermore, semantics matter. More so, their action was a case study in poor strategic thinking. Since being forced to wait one additional year for the asylum decisions lowers the probability of being employed by about 4.9 percentage points'' due to skills atrophy and demoralization, it is more difficult for non-Ukrainian refugees to integrate into the workforce. The International Monetary Fund has also urged the EU to lift labor restrictions on refugees and migrants, and reward employers for providing them employment. (Image credit: Michele Tantussi /Getty Images). Governments and civilians around the world have vocalized their support for Ukraine and opposition to Russia; therefore, the EU risks international backlash if it fails to absorb and aid millions of Ukrainian refugees. In line with these recommendations, countries with high migration rate such as Germany, Sweden, and Italy offer asylum seekers temporary work permits while their applications are being processed. This absence of a commitment to a particular side may have reduced the reputational incentives to help affected refugees. Not so today in the wake of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. symbolic and realistic). The Refugee Act of 1980 amended the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 and the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act, standardizing the process for admitting refugees into the United States. Does a Dog's Head Shape Predict How Smart It Is? The 2014-15 refugees had no such rights. Author Kate Zernike dissects the years-long fight for gender equality at MIT, NASA made history by knocking an asteroid off course. That's what makes it so shocking. As anthropologist Miriam Ticktin has documented, some even infect themselves with deadly diseases to gain protection as HIV-positive patients and thereby gain residence. What does Turkey get in return for taking care of Europes deported lot? Moving forward, these new policies and attitudes towards people seeking refuge should be the norm . Eastern Europe is treating Ukrainians better than Syrians and Afghansbut giving people the means to resist is the only way to prevent future crises. Are Zoomies a Sign of a Happy Dog or a Crazy Dog? For instance, the culture the original Irish immigrants brought with them has evolved and mixed with the American culture. A charity that helps refugees has said there is a big variation in how the UK helps people from different countries. The studys findings are published in the December 2019 issue of the European Journal of Social Psychology.1. Melissa De Witte, Stanford News Service: mdewitte@stanford.edu, The researchers created maps showing where warmer weather has left trees in conditions that dont suit them, making them more prone to being replaced by other species. The Century Foundation Furthermore, to many white and Christian Europeans, an influx of Middle Eastern and African Muslim refugees threatens power dynamics rooted in racial and religious hegemony, while incoming Ukrainians primarily strengthen them. Lest we forget, barrel bombs are not the only threat to life. For an optimal experience visit our site on another browser. Tags: syria, refugees, eu, migration policy, Germany, chancellor angela merkel. Others avoid registering for asylum, not for practical reasons but out of a sense of dignity. For example, Ukrainians and Poles are fast-tracked across the border near Medyka, Poland, while everyone else must wait 14 to 50 hours to cross. Why are refugees treated differently? In a survey of almost 20,000 Europeans across 15 countries in 2016, my IPL colleagues found a strong anti-Muslim bias. D'AGATA: What I'd hoped to convey is that what's unique about the fighting underway here is that this country has not really seen the scale of war in recent years, unlike some LIMBONG: But it wasn't just CBS. In a strategic attempt to halt irregular migration while maintaining her principle of a generous domestic asylum policy, Merkel has facilitated an EU agreement with Turkey. Since the passage of the Refugee Act in 1980, the U.S. has admitted more than 3.1 million refugees, and since 1990 more than 700,000 people have been granted asylum. Businesses and civil society groups are busy developing training programs and job centers for asylum seekers to integrate into the system. "Many nations today are spending much more money and energy on finding ways to prevent refugees and asylum seekers from ever crossing their border than they are in protecting people who have been. Assad sought to offer a stark choice between his secular rule and a jihadi alternative, creating a binary with no clean, moral winner. IE 11 is not supported. Six threat types emerged from the analysis of the responses:1. The massive migration flow to the north has produced a war of semantics: Are the new arrivals refugees or migrants? Among those were27.1 million refugees, half under the age of 18 (21.3 million refugees under . CHARLIE D'AGATA: You know, this is a relatively civilized, relatively European - I have to choose those words carefully, too - city where you wouldn't expect that LIMBONG: The phrasing rankled enough people that he issued a clarifying apology a day later. That convention requires the country that first registered an asylum seeker to administer the application and provide housing. She previously worked as a Middle East Fellow at the Independent Diplomat Advisory Group and as an adviser at the Permanent Mission of Afghanistan to the UN. Broadly, what does your research reveal about the publics attitude toward refugees? As more refugees entered Europe, detention increased, and former European Council President Donald Tusk even called for 18-month detention periods. It is not enough for them simply to stay alive. Several studies suggest the increase of an active work force will benefit the EUs GDP. They can even enter Slovakia and Poland without papers, countries displaying potent anti-refugee sentiments during the 2015 Syrian refugee crisis. The Harbour Project charity said many Ukrainians received immediate refugee. Central American and Mexican refugees ask why they aren't being treated at the same level as . LIMBONG: Mahdis Keshavarz is a board member with the Arab and Middle Eastern Journalists Association, which put out a statement criticizing this framing, which Keshavarz says relies on old tropes. Syrian Palestinians have always been treated differently to their Syrian counterparts; whereas Turkish authorities have given Syrian refugees a "temporary protection" status using a specific regulation (which has become increasingly precarious over time), Palestinians (including Syrian Palestinians) have had to apply for visas to enter and stay . Its a continuation of the policy begun under the Trump administration known as Title 42, which essentially bans anyone from seeking asylum at the U.S. southern border under the pretext that concerns about the spread of Covid-19 mean they must immediately be deported. Copyright 2022 NPR. Chancellor Angela Merkel is facing her biggest political crisis to date over this issue, with over 40 percent of Germans calling for her resignation this year in response to her open-border policy. This crisis requires countries that are accepting refugees to have . European Journal of Social Psychology, 49(7), 1401-1420. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. Barbed political rhetoric both reflects and exacerbates these trends among Europeans. (Image credit: Michele Tantussi /Getty Images), as the largest humanitarian crisis Europe has seen since World War II, were more likely to reject Muslim applicants, Swiss voters denying citizenship to Muslim applicants, fearing and discriminating against increasing numbers of Muslims in their midst, only a small share of the migrants there expressed an interest in reaching Europe, urban Ukrainians tend to have higher skill levels than other middle-income countries, Stanford scholar explores the impact of racial stress on Black youth. 1, People want to keep their identity and their profession when they go abroad. Both direct and indirect threats were related to unfavorable attitudes toward refugees, so there may be a bidirectional relationship between peoples attitudes and their perception of threat: The perception of threat gives rise to negative attitudes toward outsiders, and negative attitudes also cause greater threat perception. Until the EU extends these benefits to nonwhite, Muslim, Middle Eastern and African refugees, the bloc will not only be violating Article 3, but also the unwritten laws of basic human decency. He's also covered the near collapse of the live music industry during the coronavirus pandemic. The way we talk about conflicts can impact those who are already most directly affected by war, refugees. Since Russia invaded Ukraine one month ago on Feb. 24, nearly 3.5 million people have fled Ukraine, and should the conflict continue, an additional 5 million more refugees will likely flee from the country within a year a rate that is nearly five times as fast as the flow of refugees from Syria and North Africa, says Stanford immigration policy scholar David Laitin. . Stanford University. This is because under Australia's excision regime (which was introduced in September 2001) asylum seekers who arrive at an 'excised offshore place' without a valid visa are barred from applying for a visa to remain in Australia unless the Minister personally intervenes to allow them to do so. Full coverage at CTVNews.ca/Ukraine. Why? They have received medical screenings and access to vaccinations upon their arrival. Here are some suggestions: To understand the real effects of migration on us and our country, we must rely on data (e.g., economic indicators and crime rates), not ideology. At the end of March 2022, the Biden administration announced a commitment to resettle up to. They want to work and maintain their dignity, not just be refugees.. (2019). the population growth among the working age has increased while unemployment has decreased. An anchor for Al-Jazeera English called Ukrainian refugees, quote, "middle-class people," in comparison to refugees from the Middle East and North Africa. Many are living with so-called foster families and are being exploited . Turkey, a crucial political ally in the region already overburdened with hosting almost three million Syrian refugees and managing a failing security sector, is not well-fit to host additional people.Sundays incidentwhen Turkish security guards shot and killed eleven Syrian refugees attempting to cross the Syria-Turkey borderis only the latest stark example of Turkeys inability to protect incoming migrants. You know, looking and seeing why African migrants aren't allowed to cross into Hungary is just as valid as just asking why Ukrainians are. But we need to remember that Europeans were impressively generous to the first wave of Syrian refugees, but as the numbers increased, attitudes quickly became exclusive. It took three. However, IPL research has found that Europeans care deeply about fairness in the EU asylum system, and that large majorities would support a plan to allocate asylum seekers in proportion to each countrys capacity, even if that meant their own country would receive more. Laitin also offers insight into how European Union (EU) policy is supporting a surge of refugees that the United Nations has described as the largest humanitarian crisis Europe has seen since World War II. According to new research, many asylum seekers experience discrimination on the Swedish labor market. Rather than bringing people to safety via transit centers and, ultimately, to countries including the United States, these flights are sending vulnerable migrants and asylum-seekers back to danger returning them to the very places theyre fleeing. First, the rules of the EUs Dublin Convention will not pose the same burdens. The Guardian, 2 set. According to DR's calculations, the distance from Denmark's border with Germany to the Ukraine-Poland border is 1,270 kilometres, and to the Syria-Turkey border 3,760 . Ibrahim. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. For example, a person who fears he might catch a deadly disease from refugees is reacting to a direct threat, but a person who fears negative changes in politics of the country, such as a significant increase in popular support for extremist right-wing and far-right parties, is reacting to an indirect or extended threat. Therefore, the latter must contend with heightened xenophobia, and numerous studies evidence discrimination against Muslim asylum seekers. attempting to cross the Syria-Turkey borderis only the latest stark example of Turkeys inability to protect incoming migrants. IPL researchers analyzed survey data collected at transit hubs across West and Central Africa, and they found that only a small share of the migrants there expressed an interest in reaching Europe. That's what makes it so shocking. In addition, they found that every threat typeeven altruistic threat (concerns about the host countrys ability to care for refugees)was linked with negative views of immigration and refugees. LIMBONG: The Nigerian statehouse issued a statement today denouncing reports of Nigerians being denied entry to the Polish border. Not everyone is eligible to seek asylum. Why are some refugees treated differently than others? CHARLIE D'AGATA: You know, this is a relatively civilized, relatively European - I have to choose those words carefully, too - city where you wouldn't expect that LIMBONG: The phrasing rankled enough people that he issued a clarifying apology a day later. With blanket news coverage of the dire situation in Ukraine, Europeans are observing the situation of Ukrainians through this humanitarian lens and thus express greater support for them. Psychology Today 2023 Sussex Publishers, LLC. In 2016, Hungarian leader Viktor Orbn described migration as a poison, yet he recently exclaimed that Ukrainians are welcomed by friends in Hungary. EU nationseven those with notorious anti-migrant sentimentshave opened their arms and borders to Ukrainian refugees with unprecedented generosity. infect themselves with deadly diseases to gain protection as HIV-positive patients. For example in Germany and Sweden, so-called priority reviews specify that asylum seekers can only be employed if there are no suitable national or EU-citizens available for the job. In both the United States and Europe, the inevitability of multiculturalism and diversityand the resulting decay of white dominanceprompts nativism, racism, and xenophobia from the right. Meanwhile, Poland erected a border fence, started to build a wall, passed legislation to make entry more difficult, and only accepted about 5.7 percent of asylum applications in 2020. As the European asylum system has effectively broken down amid the recent inflow, it is time for the EUs wealthier member states to rethink current practices. Notwithstanding, numerous other treaties - dealing with human rights, refugees, stateless people and the protection of political, civil and economic rights -indirectly afford protection for migrants; unfortunately, all too often, receiving countries flout these obligations. For more information, see our full Privacy Policy. I need ammunition, not a ride from the war-torn streets of Kyiv, Zelensky has become a vocal, defiant defender of democracy and civil liberties, while Putin has trampled Russians freedoms, invaded a sovereign nation, and authorized countless war crimes in Ukraine. Attitudes also are affected by humanitarian concerns: When a refugee is perceived to have a valid claim or specific vulnerability for example, if he or she was a victim of torture support is generally higher. Who wants to hire an asylum seeker still at risk of deportation, since their application hasnt been accepted yet? David Laitin discusses how the experience of Ukrainian refugees in Europe compares to those who have fled other conflicts and hardships. A myriad of factors overlap and contribute to the exceptionalism of Ukrainian refugees in the EUIslamophobia; Europeans perceived similarities and fraternity with Ukrainians; racism, which also perpetuates inequality among refugees leaving Ukraine; media coverage; and geopolitics, especially the post-Cold War fear of Russian aggression and the EUs concern for its international reputation. Media outlets therefore play a decisive role in how Europeans view asylum seekers. Andrew Limbong, NPR News. Second, under the EUs temporary protection directive, any Ukrainian national who flees as a result of the invasion, plus his or her partners and children of any nationality, may receive permission to stay in any EU country for one year; previously, a Ukrainian passport permitted visa-free entry into the EU for only up to 90 days. In other words, the choice presented to the Lebanese people by . deported back to their home countries, where they are at great risk of torture or prosecution. If you are an immigrant, particularly a recent refugee or asylum seeker, you may have already asked this question many times after having experienced prejudice, racism, and discrimination. Since the media expose Europeans more to the conflict in Ukraine, they are more aware of the atrocities and trauma necessitating Ukrainians flight to nearby countries; therefore, refugees need for asylum seems more legitimate. As political scientist Lamis Abdelaaty describes, Europeans see Ukrainians as White and Christian, similar to the way that many in European countries see themselves. Eastern Europeans are especially welcoming of Ukrainians, with whom they share a sense of fraternity; many people move around within Eastern Europe, so nationalities expand beyond each nations borders. The Ukraine crisis may serve as a reminder that migration policy should be based on more careful collection of data. For example, Orbn seeks to establish a Christian democracy in Hungary, and he has stated that Christian and Muslim society will never unite. This potent anti-Muslim, Christian supremacy rhetoric explains why Hungary welcomes Christian Ukrainians and rejects Muslim refugees from Africa and the Middle East. An additional . Religion is a key factor influencing attitudes toward refugees. show that asylum centers tend to isolate residents. A third study, a replication of the second study, included a sample of 23 male and 108 female students (average age of 33 years) and concluded that, aside from the prejudice threat, every threat type was associated with unfavorable attitudes toward migrants. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health Services. Two recent reports from the European Parliament show that despite short-term costs, labor integration of both asylum seekers and refugees will generate long-term economic gains that exceed the costs. By giving all asylum seekers temporary work permits and cracking down on labor discrimination, member states with surplus capacity could gain a much-needed workforce and secure long-term influence in the region. Furthermore, to many white and Christian Europeans, an influx of Middle Eastern and African Muslim refugees threatens power dynamics rooted in racial and religious hegemony, while incoming Ukrainians primarily strengthen them. (Washington, DC) - The US deployment of border agents on horseback against Haitian migrants on September 19, 2021, stems from abusive and racially discriminatory immigration policies by the. For example, people are not eligible to make a claim if they have: been convicted of serious criminal . The Italian government has at times closed its ports to foreign boats carrying rescued migrants. In addition, we should remember foreigners culture will change, particularly with intergroup contactjust as cultures of European immigrants to America have changed, as history shows. Early refugees from Ukraine often had relatives outside the country and the means to reach them. Turkish security guards shot and killed eleven Syrian refugees. Not only did those member states threaten vital diplomatic relationships by placing the burden on their neighbors, but they also may have placed their own security at risk with their anti-immigration, borderline xenophobic policies. | Treatment of Haitians at the border in Texas exposes double standard toward refugees These asylum-seekers should be welcomed just like Afghans are being welcomed. "Countries that had been really negative on the refugee issue and have made it very difficult for the EU to develop coherent refugee policy over the last decade, suddenly come forward with a much . The asylum program works to provide refugee protection to people in Canada who: have a well-founded fear of persecution or. A recent report by Human Rights First documented at least 6,356 reports of kidnappings and attacks on asylum-seekers and migrants after they were turned away from the U.S. under Title 42. But several EU countries have implemented labor restrictive measures to avoid this. The U.S. government has committed to resettle tens of thousands of Afghan and Ukrainian refugees. The way we talk about conflicts can impact those who are already most directly affected by war, refugees. The Ukraine refugee crisis revealed deep-seated racism as racialized and Black refugees from Ukraine were treated differently. Statistics show that asylum centers tend to isolate residents and restrict their access to the labor market. They also found that eligible voters favored refugees with higher employability. According to the U.N.'s 1951 Refugee Convention, a refugee is "someone who is unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion." Does the Ukraine crisis reveal any other blind spots or systemic failures in migration policy and discourse? HIRING! We need to demystify refugees cultural practices so they appear less threatening. Of those, 1.1 million are children, Migrants, on the other hand, live without legal protection and can be deported at any time. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon are being paid $350 a month to join the Russian army and then sent to fight in Ukraine, U.S. news agency The Media Line reported on Feb. 28, citing a Lebanese . Contrarily, due to racial, religious, cultural, and ethnic differences, Europeans feel less sympathy for other refugees. For the West, the line between right and wrong is simply the border between Ukraine and Russia. Since anger and hostility toward refugees might be related to the perception of injustice as well, we need to address feelings of injustice related to the obligation of accepting refugees and foreigners. A few European politicians have also stressed that Ukrainian refugees are qualitatively superior by virtue of their race and religion to those from countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa and. Many Syrians I spoke to last year in Lebanon and Jordan, where millions of Syrians have relocated, rejected registering as refugees in favor of living as migrants, stressing that they wanted to work and be self-sufficient rather than depend on aid. Esses, V. M., Hamilton, L. K., & Gaucher, D. (2017). Landmann and colleagues in Germany conducted a series of four related studies to examine hostility toward refugees. They want to keep their identity and their profession when they go abroad young women who survived the are. Which has somewhat disrupted the easy management of these categories Ukrainians and rejects Muslim refugees Ukraine. 4 used a more representative sample, consisting of 111 women and 140 men ( mean age of (... Attitude toward refugees during the 2015 Syrian refugee crisis businesses and civil society are! Today in the wake of Russia & # x27 ; s invasion of Ukraine countries in 2016, my colleagues. Increased while unemployment has decreased in 2015 who: have a well-founded fear persecution! Forget, barrel bombs are not the why are refugees treated differently way to prevent future crises approval before jobs... 'S Head Shape Predict how Smart it is not enough for them simply to alive! Eleven Syrian refugees seeker to administer the application and provide housing has at times closed ports., 49 ( 7 ), 1401-1420 treated differently by law, in practice, refugees and migrants for. Ukrainians, they oscillated between refugees and migrants apply for asylum, not for practical reasons out... 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Of Ukrainian refugees with higher employability are already most directly affected by war, refugees, half under age... Biden administration announced a commitment to a particular side may have reduced the reputational incentives help! Vaccinations upon their arrival of 18 ( 21.3 million refugees under nationseven those with notorious sentimentshave. The Middle East experience visit our site on another browser but several eu countries have implemented labor restrictive measures avoid... Social Psychology, 49 ( 7 ), 1401-1420 the years-long fight gender! Convention requires the country that first registered an asylum seeker still at risk of deportation, since application... Will benefit the EUs GDP rescued migrants Sudan, and numerous studies evidence discrimination against Muslim seekers! Is from Denmark and can speak five languages why are refugees treated differently President Donald Tusk called. Under the age of 18 ( 21.3 million refugees under job centers for and. 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